Pemahaman Alkitab

G. K. R. I. ‘GOLGOTA’

(Jl. Dinoyo 19b, lantai 3)

Jumat, tanggal 26 Maret 2010, pk 19.00

Pdt. Budi Asali, M. Div.

(7064-1331 / 6050-1331)

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Kemurtadan dan keselamatan Salomo (3)

 

c)   Maz 89:31-34.

Lagi-lagi, supaya jelas kontextnya saya memberikan Maz 89:21-38 - “(21) Aku telah mendapat Daud, hambaKu; Aku telah mengurapinya dengan minyakKu yang kudus, (22) maka tanganKu tetap dengan dia, bahkan lenganKu meneguhkan dia. (23) Musuh tidak akan menyergapnya, dan orang curang tidak akan menindasnya. (24) Aku akan menghancurkan lawannya dari hadapannya, dan orang-orang yang membencinya akan Kubunuh. (25) KesetiaanKu dan kasihKu menyertai dia, dan oleh karena namaKu tanduknya akan meninggi. (26) Aku akan membuat tangannya menguasai laut, dan tangan kanannya menguasai sungai-sungai. (27) Diapun akan berseru kepadaKu: ‘Bapaku Engkau, Allahku dan gunung batu keselamatanku.’ (28) Akupun juga akan mengangkat dia menjadi anak sulung, menjadi yang mahatinggi di antara raja-raja bumi. (29) Aku akan memelihara kasih setiaKu bagi dia untuk selama-lamanya, dan perjanjianKu teguh bagi dia. (30) Aku menjamin akan adanya anak cucunya sampai selama-lamanya, dan takhtanya seumur langit. (31) Jika anak-anaknya meninggalkan TauratKu dan mereka tidak hidup menurut hukumKu, (32) jika ketetapanKu mereka langgar dan tidak berpegang pada perintah-perintahKu, (33) maka Aku akan membalas pelanggaran mereka dengan gada, dan kesalahan mereka dengan pukulan-pukulan. (34) Tetapi kasih setiaKu tidak akan Kujauhkan dari padanya dan Aku tidak akan berlaku curang dalam hal kesetiaanKu. (35) Aku tidak akan melanggar perjanjianKu, dan apa yang keluar dari bibirKu tidak akan Kuubah. (36) Sekali Aku bersumpah demi kekudusanKu, tentulah Aku tidak akan berbohong kepada Daud: (37) Anak cucunya akan ada untuk selama-lamanya, dan takhtanya seperti matahari di depan mataKu, (38) seperti bulan yang ada selama-lamanya, suatu saksi yang setia di awan-awan.’ Sela”.

 

Dalam buku tafsirannya Adam Clarke tidak memberikan penafsiran tentang bagian ini, tetapi menyuruh para pembacanya melihat pada tafsirannya tentang 2Sam 7:13. Padahal tafsirannya di sana, yang mengubah terjemahan yang umum, tidak mungkin bisa diterapkan di sini!

 

Calvin (tentang Maz 89:31): The prophet proceeds yet farther, declaring, that although the posterity of David should fall into sin, yet God had promised to show himself merciful towards them, and that he would not punish their transgressions to the full extent of their desert. ... It was very necessary that this should be added; for so easily do we slide into evil, and so prone are we to continual falls, that unless God, in the exercise of his infinite mercy, pardoned us, there would not be a single article of his covenant which would continue stedfast. God, therefore, seeing that it could not be otherwise, but that the posterity of David, in so far as it depended upon themselves, would frequently fall from the covenant, by their own fault, has provided a remedy for such cases, in his pardoning grace. ... To limit what is here said to the ancient people of Israel, is an exposition not only absurd, but altogether impious. ... so the pardon which is here promised belongs to the spiritual kingdom of Christ: and it may be equally gathered from this passage, that the salvation of the Church depends solely upon the grace of God, and the truth of his promises” (= Sang nabi meneruskan lebih jauh, dengan menyatakan bahwa sekalipun keturunan Daud jatuh ke dalam dosa, tetapi Allah telah berjanji menunjukkan diriNya sendiri berbelas kasihan kepada mereka, dan bahwa Ia tidak akan menghukum pelanggaran mereka sampai pada tingkat yang penuh dari ganjaran mereka. ... Adalah sangat perlu bahwa hal ini ditambahkan; karena dengan begitu mudah kita tergelincir ke dalam kejahatan, dan begitu condong kita pada kejatuhan yang terus menerus, sehingga kecuali Allah, dalam penggunaan dari belas kasihanNya yang tak terbatas, mengampuni kita, maka tidak akan ada satu artikelpun dari perjanjianNya yang bisa terus setia / menetap. Karena itu, pada waktu Allah melihat bahwa tidak bisa lain, kecuali bahwa keturunan Daud, sejauh itu tergantung kepada diri mereka sendiri, akan berulang-ulang jatuh dari perjanjian, oleh kesalahan mereka sendiri, telah menyediakan suatu obat / cara pengobatan untuk kasus-kasus seperti itu, dalam kasih karuniaNya yang mengampuni. ... Membatasi apa yang dikatakan di sini pada bangsa Israel kuno merupakan suatu exposisi yang bukan hanya menggelikan, tetapi sama sekali jahat. ... demikianlah pengampunan yang dijanjikan di sini merupakan milik dari kerajaan rohani Kristus: dan juga bisa didapatkan secara sama dari text ini, bahwa keselamatan dari Gereja tergantung semata-mata pada kasih karunia Allah, dan kebenaran dari janji-janjiNya).

 

Calvin (tentang Maz 89:31): This fatherly chastisement then, which operates as medicine, holds the medium between undue indulgence, which is an encouragement to sin, and extreme severity, which precipitates persons into destruction. Here the inspired writer adverts to the prophecy recorded in 2 Samuel 7:14, where God declares that in chastising his own people, he will proceed after the manner of men - ‘If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men.’ (2 Samuel 7:14). God there speaks of his chastising his people after the manner of men, either because the anger of a father in correcting his children proceeds from love, - for he sees that otherwise he would fail in promoting their good; or it contains a contrast between God and men, implying, that in the task of chastising he will proceed with moderation and gentleness; for, were he to put forth his strength, he would immediately bring us to nothing, yea, he could do this simply by moving one of his fingers. The scope of both passages undoubtedly is, that whenever God punishes the sins of true believers, he will observe a wholesome moderation; and it is therefore our duty to take all the punishments which he inflicts upon us, as so many medicines [= ].

 

Calvin (tentang Maz 89:31): God has nothing else in view than to correct the vices of his children, in order that, after having thoroughly purged them, he may restore them anew to his favor and friendship; according to the words of Paul in 1 Corinthians 11:33, which affirm that the faithful ‘are chastened of the Lord, that they should not be condemned with the world.’ For this reason, lest they should be overwhelmed with the weight of chastisement, he restrains his hand, and makes considerate allowance for their infirmity. Thus the promise is fulfilled, That ‘he does not withdraw his loving-kindness from’ his people, even when he is angry with them; for, while he is correcting them for their profit and salvation, he does not cease to love them (= ).

Catatan: ‘1Kor 11:33’ seharusnya adalah ‘1Kor 11:32’.

1Kor 11:32 - “Tetapi kalau kita menerima hukuman dari Tuhan, kita dididik, supaya kita tidak akan dihukum bersama-sama dengan dunia”.

KJV: ‘But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world’ (= Tetapi pada waktu kita dihakimi, kita dihajar oleh Tuhan, supaya kita tidak dihukum dengan / bersama dunia).

 

Calvin (tentang Maz 89:35): He had said above, ‘If the children of David break my statutes;’ and now, alluding to that breach, he declares that he will not requite them as they requite him, ‘My covenant will I not break,’ implying, that although his people may not altogether act in a manner corresponding to their vocation, as they ought to do, he will not suffer his covenant to be broken and disannulled on account of their fault, because he will promptly and effectually prevent this in the way of blotting out their sins by a gratuitous pardon. ... When the Jews, by their ingratitude and treachery, revolted from him, the covenant was not disannulled, because it was founded upon the perfect immutability of his nature. And still, at the present day, when our sins mount even to the heavens, the goodness of God fails not to rise above them, since it is far above the heavens” (= ).

 

Matthew Henry: “With reference to his seed. God’s covenants always took in the seed of the covenanters; this does so (v. 29,36): His seed shall endure for ever, and with it his throne. Now this will be differently understood according as we apply it to Christ or David. (1.) If we apply it to David, by his seed we are to understand his successors, Solomon and the following kings of Judah, who descended from the loins of David. It is supposed that they might degenerate, and not walk in the spirit and steps of their father David; in such a case they must expect to come under divine rebukes, such as the house of David was at this time under, v. 38. But let this encourage them, that, though they were corrected, they should not be abandoned or disinherited. ... If David’s posterity, in after-times, should forsake God and their duty and revolt to the ways of sin, God would bring desolating judgments upon them and ruin the family; and yet he would not take away his lovingkindness from David, nor break his covenant with him; for, in the Messiah, who should come out of his loins, all these promises shall have their accomplishment to the full. Thus, when the Jews were rejected, the apostle shows that God’s covenant with Abraham was not broken, because it was fulfilled in his spiritual seed, the heirs of the righteousness of faith, Rom 11:7. (2.) If we apply it to Christ, by his seed we are to understand his subjects, all believers, his spiritual seed, the children which God has given him, Heb 2:13. This is that seed which shall be made to endure for ever, and his throne in the midst of them, in the church in the heart, as the days of heaven. To the end Christ shall have a people in the world to serve and honour him” (= ).

 

Matthew Henry: “The continuance of Christ’s kingdom is here made doubtful by the sins and afflictions of his subjects; their iniquities and calamities threaten the ruin of it. This case is here put, that we may not be offended when it comes to be a case in fact, but that we may reconcile it with the stability of the covenant and be assured of that notwithstanding. First, It is here supposed that there will be much amiss in the subjects of Christ’s kingdom. His children may forsake God’s law (v. 30) by omissions, and break his statutes (v. 31) by commissions. There are spots which are the spots of God’s children, Deut 32:5. Many corruptions there are in the bowels of the church, as well as in the hearts of those who are the members of it, and these corruptions break out. Secondly, They are here told that they must smart for it (v. 32): I will visit their transgression with a rod, their transgression sooner than that of others. You only have I known, and therefore I will punish you, Amos 3:2. Their being related to Christ shall not excuse them from being called to an account. But observe what affliction is to God’s people. 1. It is but a rod, not an axe, not a sword; it is for correction, not for destruction. This denotes gentleness in the affliction; it is the rod of men, such a rod as men use in correcting their children; and it denotes a design of good in and by the affliction, such a rod as yields the peaceable fruit of righteousness. 2. It is a rod on the hand of God (I will visit them), he who is wise, and knows what he does, gracious, and will do what is best. 3. It is a rod which they shall never feel the smart of but when there is great need: If they break my law, then I will visit their transgression with the rod, but not else. Then it is requisite that God’s honour be vindicated, and that they be humbled and reduced” (= ).

 

Matthew Henry: “The continuance of Christ’s kingdom is made certain by the inviolable promise and oath of God, notwithstanding all this (v. 33): Nevertheless, my kindness will I not totally and finally take from him. First, ‘Notwithstanding their provocations, yet my covenant shall not be broken.’ Note, Afflictions are not only consistent with covenant-love, but to the people of God they flow from it. Though David’s seed be chastened, it does not follow that they are disinherited; they may be cast down, but they are not cast off. God’s favour is continued to his people, 1. For Christ’s sake; in him the mercy is laid up for us, and God says, I will not take it from him (v. 33), I will not lie unto David, v. 35. We are unworthy, but he is worthy. 2. For the covenant’s sake: My faithfulness shall not fail, my covenant will I not break. It was supposed that they had broken God’s statutes, profaned and polluted them (so the word signifies); ‘But,’ says God, ‘I will not break, I will not profane and pollute, my covenant;’ it is the same word. That which is said and sworn is that God will have a church in the world as long as sun and moon endure, v. 36,37. The sun and moon are faithful witnesses in heaven of the wisdom, power, and goodness of the Creator, and shall continue while time lasts, which they are the measurers of; but the seed of Christ shall be established for ever, as lights of the world while the world stands, to shine in it, and, when it is at an end, they shall be established lights shining in the firmament of the Father” (= ).

 

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown: “Verse 30-33. If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments; ... Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes. Nevertheless my loving-kindness will I not utterly take from him - (2 Sam 7:14). The sins of the objects of the covenant are put in the strongest modes of expression, to show that, while there is nothing arbitrary, yet that the covenant is unconditional. ‘The rod of men and the stripes of the children of men’ (2 Sam 7:14) are such punishments as all are subject to, since all are sinners. Especially the objects of God’s electing grace are chastised with the rod, that they may escape final wrath, and become partakers of His holiness (Prov 23:13-14; Heb 12:3-11). Those members of David’s house who were disobedient suffered destroying judgments; yet grace still remained to the family in the person of Messiah, the Son of David. Observe that the expression in Ps 89:33 is, ‘I will not utterly take my loving-kindness from HIM’ - not ‘from them’ as individual transgressors. Nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. The unfaithfulness of man cannot alter the faithfulness of God (cf. Rom 3:3)” (= ).

 

Barnes’ Notes: “‘Then will I visit their transgression with the rod.’ They shall be punished, though my mercy shall not be wholly taken from them. God has two objects in his dealings with his backsliding and offending people; (a) one is to show his displeasure at their conduct, or to punish them; (b) the other is to reclaim them. All who have been truly converted, or who are truly his people, will be recovered though they fall into sin; but it may be done, and will be likely to be done, in such a way as to show his own displeasure at their offences” (= ).

 

Barnes’ Notes: “‘Will I not utterly take from him.’ Margin, ‘I will not make void from.’ The Hebrew word - ‎paarar ‎- means to break, to break in pieces; then, to violate, as a covenant; then, to make vain, to bring to nought, to frustrate; then, to annul, to abolish. The idea here is that of making entirely vain; wholly removing from; or taking completely away. The meaning is, that he would not wholly take away his favor; he would not entirely abandon him; he would not suffer him to become wholly apostate; he would not leave him to ruin. The covenant once made would be accomplished; the promise given would be carried out. ‘Nor suffer my faithfulness.’ My faithfulness as pledged in the covenant or promise. ‘To fail.’ Margin,’lie.’ I will not prove false, or deal falsely in the pledge which I have made. It shall not appear at last that I have made a promise which has not been kept. This passage contains a very important principle in regard to the dealings of God with his people. The principle is, that if people are converted, if they in fact become his people-he will never suffer them wholly to fall away and perish. They may be suffered to backslide; they may fall into sin, but they will not be allowed to go so far as to apostatize wholly. They will be brought back again. Whatever method may be necessary for this, will be adopted. Commands; warnings; entreaties; remonstrances; their own experience; the admonitions of others; the influences of the Holy Spirit: judgments and calamities; sickness; loss of property; bereavement; disappointment; disgrace; any of these, or all of these, may be resorted to, in order to bring them back; but they will be brought back. God, in mercy and in love, will so visit them with sorrow and trouble that they shall be recovered, and that their ‘spirit shall be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.’” (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 32. ‘Then will I visit their transgressions with the rod.’ Not with the sword, not with death and destruction; but still with a smarting, tingling, painful rod. Saints must smart if they sin: God will see to that. He hates sin too much not to visit it, and he loves his saints too well not to chasten them. God never plays with his rod, he lays it well home to his children, he visits them with it in their houses, bodies, and hearts, and makes them know that he is grieved with their ways. He smites home and chastens ‘their iniquity with stripes,’ which are either many or few in proportion as the heart is properly affected by them. The rod is a covenant blessing, and is meant to be used. As sin is so frequent, the rod never rests long together; in God’s family the rod is not spared, or the children would be spoiled (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 32. Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, etc. He does not simply say, I will smite them; but, I will visit with the rod. It is one thing merely to smite, it is another thing to smite by visiting. For visitation implies oversight and paternal care. The metaphor is taken from those who undertake to watch over the sick, or train up children, or tend sheep. He does not say, I will visit them with the rod; but, I will visit their transgression with the rod. We ought to think perpetually, what it is the rod of God visits in us, that we may confess our transgressions, and amend our lives. - Musculus (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 33. ‘Nevertheless.’ And a glorious nevertheless too! ‘Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him.’ O glorious fear killing sentence! This crowns the covenant with exceeding glory. Mercy may seem to depart from the Lord’s chosen, but it shall never altogether do so. Jesus still enjoys the divine favour, and we are in him, and therefore under the most trying circumstances the Lord’s lovingkindness to each one of his chosen will endure the strain. If the covenant could be made void by our sins it would have been void long ere this; and if renewed its tenure would not be worth an hour’s purchase if it had remained dependent upon us. God may leave his people, and they may thereby suffer much and fall very low, but utterly and altogether he never can remove his love from them; for that would be to cast a reflection upon his own truth, and this he will never allow, for he adds, ‘nor suffer my faithfulness to fail.’ Man fails in all points, but God in none. To be faithful is one of the eternal characteristics of God, in which he always places a great part of his glory: his truth is one of his peculiar treasures and crown jewels, and he will never endure that it should be tarnished in any degree. This passage sweetly assures us that the heirs of glory shall not be utterly cast off. Let those deny the safety of the saints who choose to do so, we have not so learned Christ. We believe in the gospel rod, but not in the penal sword for the adopted sons (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 33. ‘Nevertheless my lovingkindness,’ etc. Except the covenant of grace had this article in it for remission of sin and for fatherly correction, to drive unto repentance, that the penitent person coming to God by faith might have sin forgiven him and lovingkindness shown to him; this covenant should fail us no less than the covenant of works. - David Dickson (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 33. ‘I will not utterly take from him.’ Why ‘from him?’ Because all God’s lovingkindness to his people is centred in Christ. Does God love you? it is because he loves Christ; you are one with Christ. Your transgressions are your own; they are separate from Christ; but God’s love is not your own; it is Christ’s: you receive it because you are one with him. How beautifully that is distinguished here - ‘If they transgress, I will punish them; but my lovingkindness will I not take from him’ - in whom alone they find it; and in union with whom alone they enjoy it. - Capel Molyneux (= ).

 

C. H. Spurgeon: Ver. 33. ‘From him.’ The words, ‘Nevertheless my lovingkindness will not utterly take from him,’ are worthy of consideration; for the question being about those who are chastised, it would appear that he should have written, ‘from them,’ and not ‘from him.’ But the prophet has thus worded it, because, being the children and members of his Christ, the favours which God bestows upon us belong to him in some manner; and it seems that the Psalmist wishes to show us hereby, that it is in Jesus Christ, and for love of him alone, that God bestows favours on us. And that which follows, in Psalm 89:34 verse, agrees herewith, - ‘My covenant will I not break’ - for it is properly to Jesus Christ, on account of his admirable obedience, that God the Father has promised to be merciful to our iniquities, and never to leave one of those to perish who are in covenant with him. - Jean Daille (= ).

 

Kesimpulan: Cerita tentang ‘kemurtadan’ Salomo ini tidak menunjukkan bahwa orang percaya yang sejati bisa murtad dan terhilang / binasa, karena:

·        Salomo tidak betul-betul murtad secara total. Bdk. Mat 24:24 - “Sebab Mesias-mesias palsu dan nabi-nabi palsu akan muncul dan mereka akan mengadakan tanda-tanda yang dahsyat dan mujizat-mujizat, sehingga sekiranya mungkin, mereka menyesatkan orang-orang pilihan juga. Kata-kata ‘sekiranya mungkin’ jelas menunjukkan bahwa itu tidak mungkin terjadi.

·        Salomo akhirnya bertobat dan diselamatkan.

 

 

-o0o-

 

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